Mundhum

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A Mundhum consists of legends, folklores, prehistoric accounts, sermons and moral or philosophical exhortations in poetic language. So, generically it is a narrative oral poetry. There are several Mundhums. They are the sources of inspiration, information and enlightenment for the Limbus and the way of their life, customs, rites and rituals. They provide an insight into their inner complexity. – http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_go2754/is_2_34/ai_n29458741/

Mundhum or Kiranti Veda (also known as Peylan) is the religious scripture and folk literature of the Kirat people of Nepal, central to Kirat Mundhum. Mundhum means “the power of great strength” in the Kirati languages. The Mundhum covers many aspects of the Kirat culture, customs and traditions that existed before Vedic civilisation in South Asia.^{[10][11][12][13]} The Mundhum commands that the priests say that the Kirat family members used to be called “Devas”.- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirant_Mundhum

The Kirats’ lifestyle and their cultural activities are all governed by Mundhum. Mundhum is the folk- literature of the Kirats’ and is one of the world’s most beautiful epic, which has been passed from time immemorial through verbal tradition. In Mundhum, the knowledge of the universe received by their forefathers, the beginning of life on earth, the heroic deeds of their forefathers as human, and their extraordinary works as above human, have been stored.- http://www.exploredarjeeling.com/culture.htm

This article is taken from kiratisaathi.com blog of Dr-uncle.

Hello brothers and Sisters,

You may be interested to know what does actually the Mundum contain. You may find it very interesting, amazing how fast time goes by————————– the oldest religious instructions (Mundum) in the middle Asia was very popular among Tibeto-Burman speaking Kirat people from Tibet to Burma before the invasion of Hinduism from Indo-Aryan people in that region in the later phase.

Here is few translated version of Munthum mentioned as below:-

THE ORACLES OF KING MABO HANG

Yakthung sase khepsamme, O !

Heni choitangba masam

Tagerago Ningwa Phuma

Siwadinggo khahun allo

Mettungba kak husingma ro.

TRANSLATION

“Listen and Learn yea children of Kirat people. I am he, who is the Principal spirit of God Yumasam, the Omnipresent Ningwaphuma, who is imparting sacred instructions.”

Aphne laji pokma den-go

Kelerummang tha tha Laji

Kepherisang kima menlo !

Yongma sima chokma men-lo !

Theang- phelle tho Lajisang

Yo Lajisang Ingain lo

Heni kerek Ingain lo

TRANSLATION

“Although you have come to a far away land forsaking your original dwelling place, fear not, or have no doubts in your mind for all the land, the upper or lower belong to me and you are all my people.”

Anden anden torokdinggo

Tangsang hopte,iksadinggo

Kambek hopte, khahopsanggo

Mushop nesse, misumdinggo

Mirak lumnu, khasumdinggo

Khasang lumnu inga tyang- ro

Amuk samnu nawa choit

Chogunganggo, asikkumle

aningwale menchham yapmi

chogung-anggo, iksa khambek,

Mikki phungwa chogung-anggo

Asasephang nanurung –lo.

TRANSLATION

“In the beginning of creation, there was no sky, no earth and not even light solitary darkness prevailed. Appearing from the flames of fire and rays of light, I created and through my sacred power of knowledge and wisdom, I created human beings who dwelled on earth like flowers and I bestowed love on them as I would to children of my own.”

Anden thikleng menchham saha

Layo lasot mejogulle

Huneha kak meksung desung

Menchham saha Choitangban

Mellesun go, Choitangbal

Kak amek-lo

Samjik mundhum kesabaha

Siwadinggo Khahun piru

Kekhembaha mehinge ro

Mengkhembaha memasing-lo

TRANSLATION

“In ancient times humans committed a great and unpardonable sin and I destroyed them. If human beings do not care for the master creator, he is sure to be doomed, people who listened to their religious instructors were saved. However those who did not abide by them were condemned to doom and destruction.”

Yamye yamye menchham saha,

Siwadinggo khahun pima

Tagerago Ningwaphuma,

Muhigumgo ongsi lengsing,

Chapa yapmi lengsing-anggo,

Yapmi lummo meda meyung,

Siwadinggo khahun huru,

Menchham saha kusingnipma,

Kunasama husingmaang,

Okhedinggo tacheng khemma,

Singsing pongma, yek yek pongma

Chappa pongma, Ningwaphuma,

Sewa chokma, chedo chokma,

Samyo yambok chokmalego,

Menchham saha kak mehing-ro,

Layo yambok chokmalego,

Menchham saha mesi memek-lo.

TRANSLATION

“From time to time God Ningwaphuma appears among mankind in the guise of wise men who preach religious instructions. The Humans should listen, understand and believe in them you are advised to be wise, clever and ambitious. Humans should worship and believe in God for those that are righteous will be saved and those who commit sin will perish.”

Shinyuknugo inga tarung,

Amuk sammlle thong-o pharung,

Shinyuk Muden Lochha chogung,

Mudennugo koyo tarung,

Suyennugo Sunu Hangma

Inga pokkhang kon samyoin,

Shema chogung , siwadinggo

Khahun pima mura mettung.

TRANSLATION

“I delivered your people from Shinyuk and assisted you in the battle.It was I who made Shinyuk and Muden into one country and led you from Muden to this place. I took the form of the great queen Su yen no, Suno Hangma and ordered you to preach this faith among your people.”

Upajongnu Changpajong tarung,

Tama lammo lamlo chogung,

Yokkha kerek nandung desung,

Temen laji indok yukhung,

Amukkille chyasang chogung,

Chyasang chokma kak suktung-lo.

TRANSLATION

“I delivered you from Upajong to Changpajong in Tibet and during the course of your long journey became the leader who conquered forts and marked the boundaries of your land in the plains. It is with this power that I attained the unattainable. I did whatever I thought best for your people and I am capable of achieving anything that I wish.”

Heni inga tarungsing -lo,

Heni inga hingkhungsing -lo,

Heni kerek ingain lo,

Kima okma theang men-lo,

A-sewago nurik chogo,

A-pan kerek khepsamme o,

Yumasamgo inga-a ro,

Ningwa Phuma inga-a ro,

A-muk tagang hasang thesang,

Chokma metma menchhuktun-lo.

TRANSLATION

“I have led you and I will save you for you are mine, fear not and do not hesitate. Be devout and worship me well and obey my instructions for I am the God Ningwaphuma. No force in the world can subdue and face the strength of my divine power.”

Mukkum samgo inga-a ro,

Numa tama inga pine,

Sikkum ningwa yapmi muee,

Hangsam mangsam pinening-lo.

Inga aming mebotemme

Kesingdinggo manu mangphang,

A-phoktang yo yungemme o,

Hekkeanggo inga missung,

Hangwa phungwa pinening-lo,

Kheni mitma mebongnen-lo,

Sa-menchhahanang mebo mebek-lo.

TRANSLATION

“I am an indomitable and powerful spirit. I will bestow prosperity and happiness on you and gift the spirit of knowledge, wisdom, leadership and bless you with longevity. However do not forsake and forget me. .Regard me as your parent and abide by my religious doctrines. You will enjoy happiness and love and be blessed. You shall not repent, your sons and descendants shall be great among all people.”

Neha tappa neha nappa,

Thong kejokpa thong kesakpa,

Hang kepiba hang keteba,

Samyo layo kak keippa,

Yumasamgo inga-a ro,

Layo lasot inga chittung,

Samyo ningwa inga missung

Ningwa nurik ittemme o !

Ningwa sangsang chogemme o !

Shey shey sangsang pokhemme o!

Tumba mangsam phoba mangsam,

Togang mangsam egang mangsam,

Yuma sammang inga-a ro,

Sikkum ningwa, kegottumgo,

Inga sorik wayemme o !

Yangsa-yechha me-eptenno,

Wesma hingkho wesma pharo !

Wesma hingma wesma phama,

Aphe hingma aphe phama,

Nuba lamphang kusingnitto,

Kusingnipma yomba muk lo.

TRANSLATION

“I am the principal spirit of Yumasam, the cardinal force that ushers in and drives enemies away, makes and stops war; ordains and expels kings; who considers right and wrong. Sins make me sad and I love those who are blessed with good mind. So pay heed and keep your mind pure and enlightened. I am Yumasam, the superior spirit of all spirits. If anyone desires knowledge, he shall receive it, by being beneficial and saving others you will safeguard yourself To acquire understanding of this great power is to attain great and deep knowledge.

Reference:

Tibetan MSS
Bali Hang Mundhum – Kirat MSS
Kirat Mundhum by I. S. Chemjong 1961,
Sikkim History in MSS by HH the Maharaja of Sikkim Tashi Namgyal
Language and Religion of Nepal by F. Hudgson,
Kirat Itihas by I.S. Chemjong, 1948
Essays on Languages of Northern Tibet by Hodgson,
Kirat Janakriti by S. K. Chatterjee,
Madhya Asia ka itihas by Pandit R. Sanskrityayan
Account of the Kingdom of Nepal by Hamilton,
An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal by Hamilton,
Gurkhas by Lt. Col E. Vansitart,
Kirat Vansawali by Subba Ratna Bahadur Limbu of Limbuwan, Panthar, Syapurumba village
An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal by Hamilton Buchanan,
History of Nepal by Wright, 1877,
Bogle’s Journey to Lhasa

Thannk you all. …

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